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Carbonite was one of the earliest and most successful coal-mining explosives.〔Dictionary of Explosives, Arthur Marshall, p. 18〕 It is made from such ingredients as nitroglycerin, wood meal, and some nitrate as that of sodium; also nitrobenzene, saltpeter, sulfur, and diatomaceous earth. Carbonite was invented by Bichel of Schmidt and Bichel.〔A Dictionary of Applied Chemistry, Thomas Edward Thorpe, p. 468〕 The term Carbonite can refer to four different things: * least commonly, an early explosive from Schmidt and Bichel made of sulphuretted tar oil, nitrocumene, and sodium nitrate,〔The Manufacture of Explosives, Oscar Guttman, p. 231〕 * dynamite made to the specific Carbonite recipe and sold by Schmidt and Bichel under that name, or * an entire class of spin-offs of the original recipe (Arctic Carbonite, Ammonkarbonit, etc.); their common feature is that the percentage of combustible materials (wood meal or flour starch) is so high that most of the carbon in the reaction is bound into carbon monoxide and the temperature of combustion is relatively low. Some of the safety dynamites are carbonites. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Carbonite (explosive)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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